Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 7 Articles
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common form of chronic liver disease, is increased worldwide in parallel with\nthe obesity epidemic. Our previous studies have showed that the extract of I. hainanensis (EIH) can prevent NAFLD in rat fed\nwith high-fat diet. In this work, we aimed to find biomarkers of NAFLD and investigate the therapeutic effects of EIH. NAFLD\nmodel was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by high-fat diet. The NAFLD rats were administered EIH orally (250mg/kg)\nfor two weeks. After the experimental period, samples of 24 h urine were collected and analyzed by ultraperformance liquid\nchromatography/quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF). Orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLSs)\nmodels were built to find biomarkers ofNAFLD and investigate the therapeutic effects of EIH. 22 metabolites, which are distributed\nin several metabolic pathways, were identified as potential biomarkers of NAFLD. Taking these biomarkers as screening indexes,\nEIH could reverse the pathological process of NAFLD through regulating the disturbed pathway of metabolism. The metabolomic\nresults not only supply a systematic view of the development and progression of NAFLD but also provide a theoretical basis for the\nprevention or treatment of NAFLD....
Platycodon grandiflorumhas long been used as a traditional oriental medicine for respiratory disorder. Platycodin D (PD) is known\nas the main component isolated from the root of PG. A simple and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/\nMS) method has been developed and validated for the quantitation of PD in rat plasma. Quantitation was performed on a\ntriple quadrupole mass spectrometer employing electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring in positive ion mode.\nThe total chromatographic run time was 4.0 min, and the calibration curves of PD were linear over the concentration range of\n50ââ?¬â??10,000 ng/mL in rat plasma. The coefficient of variation and relative error at five QC levels were 1.0 to 8.8% and 0.7 to 8.7%,\nrespectively.After a single oral administration of 500mg/kg and a single intravenous administration of 25mg/kg of 3% PD extract (a\nPG extract including 3% of PD), platycodin D and platycodin D3 were detected and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated.\nThe oral bioavailability of platycodin D and platycodin D3 was 0.29% and 1.35% in rats at 500mg/kg of 3% PD extract of PG,\nrespectively.The present method can be applied to pharmacokinetic analysis of platycodins and platycosides of the PG....
The in vitro CD40-CD154 interaction promotes human B lymphocytes differentiation into plasma cells. Currently, CD138 is the\nhallmark marker enabling the detection of human plasma cells, both in vitro and in vivo; its presence can be monitored by flow\ncytometry using a specific antibody.We have developed a culture system allowing for the differentiation ofmemory B lymphocytes.\nIn order to detect the newly formed plasma cells, we have compared their staining using five anti-CD138 monoclonal antibodies\n(mAbs). As a reference, we also tested human cell lines, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and bone marrow samples. The five\nanti-CD138mAbs stained RPMI-8226 cells (>98%) with variable stain index (SI).Thehighest SI was obtained with B-A38mAbwhile\nthe lowest SI was obtained with DL-101 and 1D4 mAbs. However, the anti-CD138 mAbs were not showing equivalent CD138+ cells\nfrequencies within the generated plasma cells. B-A38, B-B4, and MI-15 were similar (15ââ?¬â??25%) while DL-101 mAb stained a higher\nproportion of CD138-positive cells (38ââ?¬â??42%). DL-101 and B-A38 mAbs stained similar populations in bone marrow samples but\ndiffered in their capacity to bind to CD138high and CD138lo cell lines. In conclusion, such cellular fluctuations suggest heterogeneity\nin human plasma cell populations and/or in CD138 molecules....
In this work, a new sensitive analytical method has been developed and evaluated for the determination of the most commonly\nused gaseous anesthetics, desflurane, sevoflurane, and this latter�s hepatic metabolite hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in the urine. In\naddition, an evaluation of anesthetics exposition on the urine levels of a small population of surgical operators has been performed\nand results are briefly discussed....
A highly specific, sensitive, and rapid method, to quantify gemifloxacin in human urine using HPLC coupled to the triple\nquadrupole mass spectrometer system, was developed and validated. Gemifloxacin and ofloxacin (internal standard) were rapidly\nextracted from urine samples without any tedious pretreatment procedure. Urine samples were filtered through a Millex-GP,\n0.22 Ã?µm syringe filter. Optimal chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved on Zorbax SB-C18 (30mm Ã?â?? 2mmi.d.,\n3.5 Ã?µm maintained at ambient temperature). The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid (pH 3.2) and acetonitrile (80 : 20) and\na flow rate of 0.2mLmin-1 for 4 min. The analytes were monitored by electrospray ionization in positive ion multiple reaction\nmonitoring mode. The method provided a linear response (r = 0.9998) from a quantitation range of 5 ngmL-1 to at least\n500 ngmL-1.The mean extraction recovery % of gemifloxacin from spiked human urine was 101.33 Ã?± 2.58%. The reproducibility\nof the method was reliable with the intra- and inter-day precision of <2% and accuracy within 2%. The established method was\nreliably applied for the determination of gemifloxacin in volunteersââ?¬â?¢ urine samples with the mean recoveries of gemifloxacin from\nFactive tablets 320mg > 97.0%....
Renal disease is a well-recognized complication among patients with HIV infection. Viral infection itself and the use of some\nantiretroviral drugs contribute to this condition. The thick ascending limb of Henle�s loop (TALH) is the tubule segment where\nfree water clearance is generated, determining along with glomerular filtration rate the kidney�s ability to dilute urine. Objective.\nWe analyzed the function of the proximal tubule and TALH in patients with HIV infection receiving or not tenofovir-containing\nantiretroviral treatment in comparison with healthy seronegative controls, by applying a tubular physiological test, hyposaline\ninfusion test (Chaimowitz� test). Material & Methods. Chaimowitz� test was performed on 20 HIV positive volunteers who had\nnormal renal functional parameters. The control group included 10 healthy volunteers. Results. After the test, both HIV groups\nhad a significant reduction of serum sodium and osmolarity compared with the control group. Free water clearance was lower and\nurine osmolarity was higher in both HIV+ groups. Proximal tubular function was normal in both studied groups. Conclusion. The\npresent study documented that proximal tubule sodium reabsorption was preserved while free water clearance and maximal urine\ndilution capability were reduced in stable HIV patients treated or not with tenofovir....
Objectives. The aimof this study was to evaluate if xanthine oxidase andmyeloperoxidase levels quantitationmethodmay alternate\r\nroutine culture method, which takes more time in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections. Material and Methods. Five hundred\r\nand forty-nine outpatients who had admitted to Clinic Microbiology Laboratory were included in the study.The microorganisms\r\nwere identified by using VITEK System. The urine specimens that were negative from the quantitative urine culture were used as\r\ncontrols. The activities of MPO and XO in spot urine were measured by spectrophotometric method. Results.Through the urine\r\ncultures, 167 bacteria were isolated from163 urine specimens; 386 cultures yielded no bacterial growth. E. coli was the most frequent\r\npathogen. In infection with E. coli both XO andMPO levels were increased the most. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive\r\nvalue, and negative predictive value for XO were 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively.These values for MPO were 87%, 100%,\r\n100%, and 94%, respectively. Conclusion. These data obtained suggest that urine XO and MPO levels may be new markers in the\r\nearly detection of UTI....
Loading....